✶ Federal subjects · 89 in Russia's constitution
89 claimed,
83 recognised.
Russia is a federation of regions — "federal subjects" — each with its own governor and legislature and two seats in the Federation Council. Russia's constitution lists 89. Six of them are areas of Ukraine whose annexation the United Nations General Assembly has not recognised.
Every federal subject
- Republics (24)
- Krais (9)
- Oblasts (48)
- Federal cities (3)
- Autonomous oblast (1)
- Autonomous okrugs (4)
- Russian-occupied Ukraine (annexation not recognised)
Federal subjects by constitutional type. Click a region to find it in the table.
- Central (18)
- Northwestern (11)
- Southern (8)
- North Caucasian (7)
- Volga (14)
- Ural (6)
- Siberian (10)
- Far Eastern (11)
- None in our source (4)
- Russian-occupied Ukraine (annexation not recognised)
Federal subjects by federal district. Click a region to find it in the table.
- 35%
- 55%
- 75%
- 95%
- Russian-occupied Ukraine (annexation not recognised)
United Russia, share of party-list ballots, 2026 Duma election. Click a region to find it in the table.
Showing 89 of 89
| Adygea Республика Адыгея | republic | Southern | Maykop | 501,038 | 1 | | 79.4% | 65.8% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Altai Krai Алтайский край | krai | Siberian | Barnaul | 2,098,979 | 3 | Viktor Tomenko Governor · United Russia · since 30 May 2018 | 44.4% | 42.0% |
| Altai Republic Республика Алтай | republic | Siberian | Gorno-Altaysk | 210,099 | 1 | | 45.9% | 43.9% |
| Amur Oblast Амурская область | oblast | Far Eastern | Blagoveshchensk | 750,870 | 1 | Vasily Orlov Governor · United Russia · since 30 May 2018 | 56.1% | 60.1% |
| Arkhangelsk Oblast Архангельская область | oblast | Northwestern | Arkhangelsk | 947,192 | 2 | Alexander Tsybulsky Governor · United Russia · since 2 Apr 2020 | 43.4% | 35.3% |
| Astrakhan Oblast Астраханская область | oblast | Southern | Astrakhan | 945,991 | 1 | | 57.4% | 53.6% |
| Bashkortostan Республика Башкортостан | republic | Volga | Ufa | 4,046,094 | 6 | | 78.7% | 60.7% |
| Belgorod Oblast Белгородская область | oblast | Central | Belgorod | 1,481,098 | 2 | Alexander Shuvaev Governor · United Russia · since 13 May 2026 | 65.6% | 59.1% |
| Bryansk Oblast Брянская область | oblast | Central | Bryansk | 1,132,475 | 2 | Yegor Kovalchuk Governor · United Russia · since 13 May 2026 | 79.5% | 66.6% |
| Buryatia Республика Бурятия | republic | Far Eastern | Ulan-Ude | 970,679 | 1 | | 49.9% | 51.0% |
| Chechnya Чеченская Республика | republic | North Caucasian | Grozny | 1,575,819 | 1 | | 95.1% | 93.0% |
| Chelyabinsk Oblast Челябинская область | oblast | Ural | Chelyabinsk | 3,383,188 | 5 | | 55.9% | 49.0% |
| Chukotka Autonomous Okrug Чукотский автономный округ | autonomous okrug | Far Eastern | Anadyr | 47,902 | 1 | | 59.5% | 62.7% |
| Chuvashia Чувашская Республика — Чувашия | republic | Volga | Cheboksary | 1,159,757 | 2 | Oleg Nikolayev Head of the Republic · A Just Russia · since 29 Jan 2020 | 60.7% | 50.2% |
| Crimea Республика Крым Occupied Ukraine — annexation not recognised ; Russia: “Republic of Crimea” | republic | Southern Russia's designation | Simferopol | — | 3 | | 48.4% | 60.7% |
| Dagestan Республика Дагестан | republic | North Caucasian | Makhachkala | 3,258,993 | 3 | | 91.7% | 92.2% |
| Donetsk Oblast Донецкая Народная Республика Occupied Ukraine — annexation not recognised ; Russia: “Donetsk People's Republic” | republic | — | Donetsk | — | 3 | | 82.1% | 80.5% |
| Ingushetia Республика Ингушетия | republic | North Caucasian | Magas | 534,219 | 1 | | 91.1% | 90.4% |
| Irkutsk Oblast Иркутская область | oblast | Siberian | Irkutsk | 2,316,571 | 4 | Igor Kobzev Governor · United Russia · since 12 Dec 2019 | 38.7% | 35.7% |
| Ivanovo Oblast Ивановская область | oblast | Central | Ivanovo | 897,869 | 1 | Stanislav Voskresensky Governor · United Russia · since 10 Oct 2017 | 56.1% | 57.5% |
| Jewish Autonomous Oblast Еврейская автономная область | autonomous oblast | Far Eastern | Birobidzhan | 144,389 | 1 | Maria Kostyuk Governor · United Russia · since 5 Nov 2024 | 57.0% | 54.4% |
| Kabardino-Balkaria Кабардино-Балкарская Республика | republic | North Caucasian | Nalchik | 908,090 | 1 | | 84.8% | 70.3% |
| Kaliningrad Oblast Калининградская область | oblast | Northwestern | Kaliningrad | 1,064,747 | 2 | Aleksey Besprozvannykh Governor · United Russia · since 15 May 2024 | 51.3% | 52.3% |
| Kalmykia Республика Калмыкия | republic | Southern | Elista | 267,376 | 1 | | 51.8% | 55.4% |
| Kaluga Oblast Калужская область | oblast | Central | Kaluga | — | 1 | | 49.8% | 44.8% |
| Kamchatka Krai Камчатский край | krai | Far Eastern | Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky | 287,949 | 1 | | 48.8% | 59.3% |
| Karachay-Cherkessia Карачаево-Черкесская Республика | republic | North Caucasian | Cherkessk | 468,531 | 1 | | 85.1% | 74.1% |
| Karelia Республика Карелия | republic | Northwestern | Petrozavodsk | 518,644 | 1 | | 43.6% | 31.4% |
| Kemerovo Oblast Кемеровская область | oblast | Siberian | Kemerovo | 2,526,384 | 4 | | 69.8% | 69.3% |
| Khabarovsk Krai Хабаровский край | krai | Far Eastern | Khabarovsk | 1,273,093 | 2 | Dmitry Demeshin Governor · United Russia · since 13 May 2024 | 42.6% | 48.2% |
| Khakassia Республика Хакасия | republic | Siberian | Abakan | 534,795 | 1 | | 43.1% | 40.2% |
| Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug Ханты-Мансийский автономный округ — Югра | autonomous okrug | Ural | Khanty-Mansiysk | 1,779,510 | 2 | | 62.3% | 55.1% |
| Kherson Oblast Херсонская область Occupied Ukraine — annexation not recognised ; Russia: “Kherson Oblast” | oblast | — | Henichesk (de facto; claimed: Kherson) | — | 1 | | 74.2% | 74.8% |
| Kirov Oblast Кировская область | oblast | Volga | Kirov | 1,120,178 | 2 | Aleksandr Sokolov Governor · United Russia · since 10 May 2022 | 50.2% | 35.1% |
| Komi Republic Республика Коми | republic | Northwestern | Syktyvkar | 714,391 | 1 | | 51.2% | 43.5% |
| Kostroma Oblast Костромская область | oblast | Central | Kostroma | 560,758 | 1 | | 46.8% | 47.9% |
| Krasnodar Krai Краснодарский край | krai | Southern | Krasnodar | 5,841,846 | 9 | Veniamin Kondratyev Governor · United Russia · since 22 Apr 2015 | 69.4% | 60.3% |
| Krasnoyarsk Krai Красноярский край | krai | Siberian | Krasnoyarsk | 2,837,374 | 4 | | 50.2% | 40.5% |
| Kurgan Oblast Курганская область | oblast | Ural | Kurgan | 744,197 | 1 | Vadim Shumkov Governor · United Russia · since 2 Oct 2018 | 59.0% | 57.2% |
| Kursk Oblast Курская область | oblast | Central | Kursk | 1,050,134 | 2 | | 57.7% | 59.9% |
| Leningrad Oblast Ленинградская область | oblast | Northwestern | Gatchina | 2,057,708 | 3 | | 62.4% | 58.3% |
| Lipetsk Oblast Липецкая область | oblast | Central | Lipetsk | 1,107,812 | 2 | Igor Artamonov Governor · United Russia · since 2 Oct 2018 | 53.9% | 48.3% |
| Luhansk Oblast Луганская Народная Республика Occupied Ukraine — annexation not recognised ; Russia: “Luhansk People's Republic” | republic | — | Luhansk | — | 2 | | 77.3% | 79.0% |
| Magadan Oblast Магаданская область | oblast | Far Eastern | Magadan | 134,202 | 1 | | 55.4% | 61.2% |
| Mari El Республика Марий Эл | republic | Volga | Yoshkar-Ola | 665,983 | 1 | Yury Zaitsev Head of the Republic · United Russia · since 10 May 2022 | 49.4% | 43.6% |
| Mordovia Республика Мордовия | republic | Volga | Saransk | 758,390 | 1 | | 74.7% | 69.2% |
| Moscow Москва | federal city | Central | Moscow | 13,258,262 | 16 | | 52.7% | 50.7% |
| Moscow Oblast Московская область | oblast | Central | — (government seat: Krasnogorsk; no statutory capital) | 8,766,594 | 12 | | 52.5% | 56.2% |
| Murmansk Oblast Мурманская область | oblast | Northwestern | Murmansk | 650,920 | 1 | | 49.5% | 40.1% |
| Nenets Autonomous Okrug Ненецкий автономный округ | autonomous okrug | Northwestern | Naryan-Mar | 41,829 | 1 | Irina Gecht Governor · United Russia · since 18 Mar 2025 | 52.0% | 42.1% |
| Nizhny Novgorod Oblast Нижегородская область | oblast | Volga | Nizhny Novgorod | 3,037,816 | 5 | | 60.9% | 53.4% |
| North Ossetia–Alania Республика Северная Осетия — Алания | republic | North Caucasian | Vladikavkaz | 678,454 | 1 | | 85.5% | 65.1% |
| Novgorod Oblast Новгородская область | oblast | Northwestern | Veliky Novgorod | 566,745 | 1 | Aleksandr Dronov Governor · United Russia · since 7 Feb 2025 | 44.1% | 40.1% |
| Novosibirsk Oblast Новосибирская область | oblast | Siberian | Novosibirsk | 2,784,587 | 4 | | 43.1% | 42.9% |
| Omsk Oblast Омская область | oblast | Siberian | Omsk | 1,805,443 | 3 | Vitaliy Khotsenko Governor · United Russia · since 29 Mar 2023 | 45.8% | 43.3% |
| Orenburg Oblast Оренбургская область | oblast | Volga | Orenburg | 1,815,655 | 3 | Yevgeny Solntsev Governor · United Russia · since 26 Mar 2025 | 57.2% | 62.9% |
| Oryol Oblast Орловская область | oblast | Central | Oryol | 685,693 | 1 | Andrey Klychkov Governor · Communist Party · since 5 Oct 2017 | 54.8% | 42.7% |
| Penza Oblast Пензенская область | oblast | Volga | Penza | 1,225,984 | 2 | Oleg Melnichenko Governor · United Russia · since 26 Mar 2021 | 60.3% | 52.8% |
| Perm Krai Пермский край | krai | Volga | Perm | 2,482,080 | 4 | | 46.7% | 49.0% |
| Primorsky Krai Приморский край | krai | Far Eastern | Vladivostok | 1,798,047 | 3 | Konstantin Shestakov acting Acting Governor · United Russia · since 22 Oct 2026 | 64.0% | 62.0% |
| Pskov Oblast Псковская область | oblast | Northwestern | Pskov | 574,199 | 1 | | 52.5% | 54.5% |
| Rostov Oblast Ростовская область | oblast | Southern | Rostov-on-Don | 4,135,018 | 6 | | 66.9% | 57.8% |
| Ryazan Oblast Рязанская область | oblast | Central | Ryazan | 1,073,981 | 2 | | 56.5% | 61.0% |
| Saint Petersburg Санкт-Петербург | federal city | Northwestern | Saint Petersburg | 5,645,943 | 8 | | 53.9% | 54.3% |
| Sakha Республика Саха (Якутия) | republic | Far Eastern | Yakutsk | 1,007,058 | 1 | Aysen Nikolaev Head of the Republic · United Russia · since 28 May 2018 | 51.1% | 43.0% |
| Sakhalin Oblast Сахалинская область | oblast | Far Eastern | Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk | 456,792 | 1 | | 48.7% | 61.0% |
| Samara Oblast Самарская область | oblast | Volga | Samara | 3,108,944 | 5 | Vyacheslav Fedorishchev Governor · United Russia · since 31 May 2024 | 54.9% | 57.1% |
| Saratov Oblast Саратовская область | oblast | Volga | Saratov | 2,368,387 | 4 | | 66.1% | 64.1% |
| Sevastopol Севастополь Occupied Ukraine — annexation not recognised ; Russia: “Sevastopol (federal city)” | federal city | Southern Russia's designation | Sevastopol | — | 1 | Mikhail Razvozhayev Russian-installed governor · United Russia · since 11 Jun 2019 | 63.3% | 58.5% |
| Smolensk Oblast Смоленская область | oblast | Central | Smolensk | 857,847 | 1 | Vasily Anokhin Governor · United Russia · since 17 Mar 2023 | 61.1% | 65.3% |
| Stavropol Krai Ставропольский край | krai | North Caucasian | Stavropol | 2,883,494 | 4 | Vladimir Vladimirov Governor · United Russia · since 27 Sept 2013 | 81.5% | 67.3% |
| Sverdlovsk Oblast Свердловская область | oblast | Ural | Yekaterinburg | 4,218,204 | 7 | | 47.5% | 41.1% |
| Tambov Oblast Тамбовская область | oblast | Central | Tambov | 946,010 | 1 | | 59.7% | 65.2% |
| Tatarstan Республика Татарстан | republic | Volga | Kazan | 4,016,571 | 6 | | 76.7% | 72.0% |
| Tomsk Oblast Томская область | oblast | Siberian | Tomsk | 1,039,458 | 1 | | 44.1% | 38.7% |
| Tula Oblast Тульская область | oblast | Central | Tula | 1,455,911 | 2 | | 52.8% | 53.0% |
| Tuva Республика Тыва | republic | Siberian | Kyzyl | 338,341 | 1 | | 82.4% | 88.3% |
| Tver Oblast Тверская область | oblast | Central | Tver | 1,189,685 | 2 | Vitaly Korolyov Governor · United Russia · since 5 Nov 2025 | 46.5% | 46.7% |
| Tyumen Oblast Тюменская область | oblast | Ural | Tyumen | 1,625,129 | 2 | | 67.2% | 60.6% |
| Udmurtia Удмуртская Республика | republic | Volga | Izhevsk | 1,427,018 | 2 | | 51.5% | 47.2% |
| Ulyanovsk Oblast Ульяновская область | oblast | Volga | Ulyanovsk | 1,164,837 | 2 | | 68.8% | 50.6% |
| Vladimir Oblast Владимирская область | oblast | Central | Vladimir | 1,295,930 | 2 | Aleksandr Avdeyev Governor · United Russia · since 4 Oct 2021 | 46.9% | 50.6% |
| Volgograd Oblast Волгоградская область | oblast | Southern | Volgograd | 2,435,355 | 3 | | 68.1% | 62.6% |
| Vologda Oblast Вологодская область | oblast | Northwestern | Vologda | 1,114,639 | 2 | | 48.4% | 31.1% |
| Voronezh Oblast Воронежская область | oblast | Central | Voronezh | 2,259,610 | 3 | Aleksandr Gusev Governor · United Russia · since 25 Dec 2017 | 75.2% | 72.2% |
| Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug Ямало-Ненецкий автономный округ | autonomous okrug | Ural | Salekhard | 521,655 | 1 | Dmitry Artyukhov [https://tass.ru/politika/5540826 Врио главы ЯНАО Дмитрий Артюхов избран губернатором региона] Governor · United Russia · since 29 May 2018 | 74.7% | 73.1% |
| Yaroslavl Oblast Ярославская область | oblast | Central | Yaroslavl | 1,179,301 | 2 | | 42.3% | 36.4% |
| Zabaykalsky Krai Забайкальский край | krai | Far Eastern | Chita | 982,525 | 1 | Aleksandr Osipov Governor · Independent · since 24 Oct 2018 | 42.1% | 40.1% |
| Zaporizhzhia Oblast Запорожская область Occupied Ukraine — annexation not recognised ; Russia: “Zaporozhye Oblast” | oblast | — | Melitopol | — | 1 | | 79.7% | 79.1% |
Photo credits · 56 photos
Murat Kumpilov — Presidential Press and Information Office, CC BY 4.0 · Radiy Khabirov — Дмитрий Дикушин, CC BY 4.0 · Alexey Tsydenov — The Russian Presidential Press and Information Office, CC BY 3.0 · Andrey Turchak — Пресс-служба Совета Федерации Федерального Собрания РФ, CC BY 4.0 · Fyodor Shchukin — skfo.gov.ru, CC BY 4.0 · Mahmud-Ali Kalimatov — kremlin.ru, CC BY 4.0 · Kazbek Kokov — Пресс-служба Президента Российской Федерации, CC BY 4.0 · Batu Khasikov — Пресс-служба Президента России, CC BY 4.0 · Rashid Temrezov — (Press Service of the Presidential Administration of the Russian Federation) Пресс-служба администрации Президента РФ, CC BY 4.0 · Artur Parfenchikov — Presidential Press and Information Office, CC BY 4.0 · Rostislav Goldstein — www.council.gov.ru, CC BY 4.0 · Artyom Zdunov — council.gov.ru, CC BY 4.0 · Sergey Menyaylo — Виталий Белоусов, CC BY 4.0 · Rustam Minnikhanov — Semen Katz, CC BY 4.0 · Vladislav Khovalyg — sfo.gov.ru, CC BY 4.0 · Olga Abramova — Пресс-служба полномочного представителя президента России в Приволжском федеральном округе, CC BY 4.0 · Valentin Konovalov — vskhakasia.ru, CC BY-SA 4.0 · Ramzan Kadyrov — tatarstan.ru, CC BY 4.0 · Mikhail Kotyukov — Press Service, CC BY 4.0 · Igor Babushkin — skfo.gov.ru, CC BY 4.0 · Andrey Bocharov — volgograd.ru, CC BY 4.0 · Georgy Filimonov — Пресс-служба Совета Федерации ФС РФ, CC BY 4.0 · Vladislav Shapsha — Press Service of the Prime Minister of the Russian Federation, CC BY 4.0 · Vladimir Solodov — Basargina Yana, CC BY-SA 4.0 · Ilya Seredyuk — Администрации города Кемерово, CC BY-SA 3.0 · Sergey Sitnikov — Khasanov Marat, CC BY-SA 4.0 · Alexander Khinshtein — Пресс-служба Президента России, CC BY 4.0 · Aleksandr Drozdenko — Press Service, CC BY 4.0 · Sergey Nosov — Alexander E. Vyatkin, CC BY-SA 4.0 · Andrey Vorobyov — Press service of the president of Russia, CC BY 4.0 · Andrey Chibis — The Presidential Press and Information Office, CC BY 4.0 · Gleb Nikitin — Правительство Нижегородской области, CC BY 4.0 · Andrey Travnikov — Пресс-служба Президента Российской Федерации, CC BY 4.0 · Dmitry Makhonin — fas.gov.ru, CC BY 4.0 · Mikhail Vedernikov — Пресс-служба Совета Федерации ФС РФ, CC BY 4.0 · Yury Slyusar — Пресс-служба Президента России, CC BY 4.0 · Pavel Malkov — Пресс-служба Совета Федерации ФС РФ, CC BY 4.0 · Roman Busargin — Presidential Press and Information Office, CC BY 4.0 · Valery Limarenko — dfo.gov.ru, CC BY 4.0 · Denis Pasler — The Presidential Press and Information Office, CC BY 4.0 · Yevgeny Pervyshov — http://krd.ru, CC BY 4.0 · Vladimir Mazur — Фото пресс-службы Президента России, CC BY 4.0 · Dmitry Milyaev — tularegion.ru, CC BY 4.0 · Aleksandr Moor — council.gov.ru, CC BY 4.0 · Aleksey Russkikh — duma.gov.ru, CC BY 4.0 · Aleksey Teksler — The Presidential Press and Information Office, CC BY 4.0 · Mikhail Yevrayev — www.council.gov.ru, CC BY 4.0 · Sergey Sobyanin — mos.ru, CC BY 4.0 · Alexander Beglov — Пресс-служба Президента РФ, CC BY 4.0 · Ruslan Kukharuk — Дмитрий Кошелев, CC BY-SA 4.0 · Vladislav Kuznetsov — Пресс-служба Президента Российской Федерации, CC BY 4.0 · Denis Pushilin — Администрация Президента России, CC BY 4.0 · Leonid Pasechnik — Администрация Президента России, CC BY 4.0 · Sergey Aksyonov — Press Service, CC BY 4.0 · Vladimir Saldo — Татьяна Мастерова, CC BY 4.0 · Yevgeny Balitsky — Kaliper1, CC BY-SA 4.0 . Via Wikimedia Commons.Population: Rosstat preliminary estimate for 1 January 2025. Kaluga Oblast is left blank because the figure in our source duplicated Kaliningrad's and could not be verified. No figure is shown for the six annexed areas, because estimates for them are not comparable with the rest. Heads as of 4 Nov 2026; 2 (Udmurtia and Primorsky Krai) are acting heads appointed by the President pending an election. Turnout and United Russia's share are from the 2026 Duma election's district protocols, summed by region.
Six kinds of region
Equal in law,
different in name.
The constitution gives every type the same rights in its dealings with the federal centre. The names reflect history and, for republics and autonomous areas, the peoples they are named after.
- 24 Republics Nominally home to a non-Russian ethnic group; each has its own constitution and may set a second state language. Includes Donetsk Oblast, Luhansk Oblast and Crimea (occupied Ukraine)
- 9 Krais Territories; historically frontier regions. Legally the same status as oblasts.
- 48 Oblasts Provinces, the most common unit, each with a governor and a regional legislature. Includes Kherson Oblast and Zaporizhzhia Oblast (occupied Ukraine)
- 3 Federal cities Moscow and St Petersburg, which govern themselves as regions; Russia also counts Sevastopol. Includes Sevastopol (occupied Ukraine)
- 1 Autonomous oblast The Jewish Autonomous Oblast, the only one.
- 4 Autonomous okrugs Districts for indigenous peoples; three of the four also sit inside a larger oblast or krai.
Federal districts
Eight districts,
no elections.
Since 2000 the regions have been grouped by presidential decree into federal districts, each overseen by an envoy (plenipotentiary representative) appointed by the President. They are an administrative layer for federal oversight, not a level of government: there are no district elections or legislatures.
Russia places Crimea and Sevastopol in the Southern Federal District. Our source lists no federal district for the four oblasts claimed in 2022.
- Central 18
- Northwestern 11
- Southern 6
- North Caucasian 7
- Volga 14
- Ural 6
- Siberian 10
- Far Eastern 11
- Count excludes Crimea and Sevastopol
Annexed areas of Ukraine
Six areas,
not recognised.
In 2014 Russia annexed Crimea and Sevastopol following a referendum held there that March. The UN General Assembly, in resolution 68/262 ↗ of 27 March 2014, affirmed Ukraine's territorial integrity and declared the referendum invalid.
In 2022 Russia declared the annexation of Donetsk Oblast, Luhansk Oblast, Kherson Oblast and Zaporizhzhia Oblast. Resolution ES-11/4 ↗ of 12 October 2022 condemned this as an attempted illegal annexation and called on states not to recognise it.
Russia counts all six as federal subjects and held the 2026 Duma election in them (11 of the 225 districts). This site shows those results because they are part of Russia's official totals, labels them "occupied Ukraine — annexation not recognised", keeps their Ukrainian ISO codes (UA-xx) and draws them hatched on every map, whole as Ukraine's oblasts.
- UA-14 Donetsk Oblast Russia: “Donetsk People's Republic” · 3 Duma districts
- UA-09 Luhansk Oblast Russia: “Luhansk People's Republic” · 2 Duma districts
- UA-43 Crimea Russia: “Republic of Crimea” · 3 Duma districts
- UA-65 Kherson Oblast Russia: “Kherson Oblast” · 1 Duma district
- UA-23 Zaporizhzhia Oblast Russia: “Zaporozhye Oblast” · 1 Duma district
- UA-40 Sevastopol Russia: “Sevastopol (federal city)” · 1 Duma district